Ⅲ – 文化重建、社群營造 Cultural Reconstruction, Community Building

在2024年5月16日的社群共學討論會中，與會者聚集在宜蘭海波浪，深入探討了社群營造與畸零地景的多重面向。海波浪團隊分享了他們從海洋主題到龜山島社區營造的發展歷程，展現出社群工作如何從單一議題逐漸擴展至更廣泛的地方認同與文化實踐。團隊的工作不僅體現了在地組織的成長軌跡，也揭示了社區營造中知識累積與經驗擴散的重要性。

海波浪的工作最初源於對海洋議題的關注，但隨著與在地社群的深入互動，逐漸聚焦於龜山島這個特定場域。透過長期駐點與社區對話，團隊建立起對海洋文化與在地生活的雙重理解。他們發現，除了專業知識的累積，更重要的是讓這些經驗能夠有效擴散、分享，並與更多人產生連結。特別是在面對龜山島遷村等歷史議題時，團隊意識到社區情感與集體記憶的關鍵性，這促使他們舉辦論壇，深入討論龜山島對頭城、宜蘭的多重意義。

在討論「畸零地景」的概念時，與會者提出了豐富的詮釋。從都市規劃的角度來看，「畸零」往往指涉那些因法規或空間規劃而產生的邊緣空間。但當加上「景」的概念時，這種空間性延伸出了更深層的文化與人文維度。正如一位與會者所言，「景」不僅是被觀看的風景，更包含了人們如何與空間互動，以及在這過程中產生的文化實踐。這種理解將「畸零地景」從單純的空間概念，提升到社會文化現象的層次。

關於藝術介入的討論，與會者探討了藝術如何在不同的空間脈絡中發揮作用。有人提出藝術具有「注意力的特質」，能夠讓人重新注意到原本被忽略的空間與議題。然而，這種介入也帶來了一個弔詭：當藝術試圖定義或展現「畸零」時，某種程度上也可能消弭了原本的「畸零性」。這種矛盾反映出藝術實踐在面對邊緣空間時的複雜性，同時也凸顯了藝術介入需要更細緻的策略思考。

龜山島社區的案例特別引人注目。50年前的遷村經驗，造就了一個特殊的「畸零」狀態：實體空間的失落與文化認同的重建。社區從最初的失落，到後來透過各種文化活動重建認同，展現出「畸零」空間如何透過社群實踐獲得新的意義。特別是在今年遷村50週年之際，社區策劃的「文化運動穿越季」，透過藝術與文化活動，試圖在時間的縫隙中，重新連結過去與現在。這個計畫不僅是對歷史的紀念，更是對社區未來的展望。

在地方創生的脈絡下，會議也深入討論了空間使用的現實挑戰。從土地權屬的複雜性、空間取得的困難，到社群營造的實務問題，每個層面都反映出邊緣空間的多重困境。特別是在推動青年返鄉或移居時，這些議題更顯得關鍵。然而，這些挑戰也正是促使社群思考創新解方的動力，展現出「畸零地景」作為一個實踐場域的可能性。

在討論中，與會者特別關注了社群營造的永續性問題。如何在有限的資源下維持社區活動的持續推展，如何平衡外部資源引入與在地主體性的維持，都是需要深入思考的課題。同時，如何讓年輕一代參與社區事務，也成為討論的重點。團隊分享了他們透過教育計畫、文化活動等多元方式，試圖搭建起跨世代對話的平台。

對於空間改造的實踐，會議討論了幾個具體案例。包括如何活化閒置空間、如何透過小型文化活動重新定義空間意義，以及如何在實體空間的改造中納入社區參與。這些討論不僅涉及實務層面的操作，更觸及了空間改造與社區認同之間的微妙關係。

整體而言，這次討論展現了「畸零地景」概念的多重面向：從實體空間的邊緣性，到文化認同的重建；從藝術介入的可能性，到社群營造的實踐。特別值得注意的是，這些討論不僅停留在概念層面，更透過龜山島社區的具體經驗，展現出理論與實踐之間的對話可能。在當代社會快速變遷的背景下，如何保持社區的主體性與永續發展，成為所有參與者共同關注的核心議題。

At the Community Learning Discussion Meeting held on May 16, 2024, participants gathered at seabelongings in Yilan to explore multiple aspects of community building and marginal landscapes. The seabelongings team shared their development journey from marine themes to community building on Turtle Island (Guishan Island), demonstrating how community work can evolve from a single issue to broader local identity and cultural practices.

seabelongings’s work began with an interest in marine issues and gradually focused on Turtle Island as a site. Through community interaction, they established a dual understanding of marine and local culture. The team discovered that beyond accumulating knowledge, it was more important to spread and share these experiences and connect with more people. Particularly when facing historical issues such as the relocation of Turtle Island residents, they recognized the importance of community emotions and memories, which led them to organize forums discussing the significance of Turtle Island to Toucheng and Yilan.

In discussing the concept of “marginal landscape,” participants offered diverse interpretations. From an urban planning perspective, “marginal” often refers to spaces created by regulations or spatial planning. However, when combined with the concept of “landscape,” this spatial dimension extends to cultural and humanistic aspects. As one participant noted, “landscape” is not merely scenery to be viewed but includes how people interact with space and the cultural practices that emerge from this process.

Regarding artistic intervention, participants explored how art functions in different spatial contexts. Some suggested that art possesses an “attention quality” that can make people notice previously overlooked spaces and issues. However, this intervention presents a paradox: when art attempts to define or represent the “marginal,” it may to some extent eliminate the original “marginality.” This contradiction reflects the complexity of artistic practice when dealing with marginal spaces.

The case of the Turtle Island community was particularly noteworthy. The relocation experience from 50 years ago created a unique “marginal” state: the loss of physical space and the reconstruction of cultural identity. The community’s journey from initial loss to rebuilding identity through various cultural activities demonstrates how marginal spaces can gain new meaning through community practices. Particularly this year, marking the 50th anniversary of the relocation, the community’s planned “Cultural Movement Crossing Season” aims to connect past and present through artistic and cultural activities.

In the context of local revitalization, the meeting also discussed practical challenges in space utilization. From land ownership and space acquisition to community building, each aspect reflects the complexity of marginal spaces. These issues become particularly crucial when promoting youth return or relocation. However, these challenges also drive communities to think innovatively, demonstrating the potential of “marginal landscape” as a field of practice.

Overall, this discussion revealed multiple dimensions of the “marginal landscape” concept: from the marginality of physical space to the reconstruction of cultural identity; from the possibilities of artistic intervention to the practice of community building. Notably, these discussions went beyond conceptual levels, demonstrating the possible dialogue between theory and practice through the concrete experience of the Turtle Island community.